Upconverting nanoparticles (UCNPs) present a remarkable proficiency to convert near-infrared (NIR) light into higher-energy visible light. This characteristic has inspired extensive research in numerous fields, including biomedical imaging, therapeutics, and optoelectronics. However, the probable toxicity of UCNPs poses substantial concerns that de

Lead sulfide nanoparticle dots (QDs) represent a fascinating class of materials with exceptional optoelectronic properties due to their unique size-dependent band gap. These QDs exhibit tunable absorption and emission spectra in the visible region, making them highly desirable for a wide range of applications. Recent review delves into the diverse

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